This series of R&D focuses on understanding the mechanisms and optimizing various disinfection technologies, advance oxidation processes, membrane and adsorption technologies in relation to product water chemical and microbial safety. Novel treatment process development and optimization for emerging organic contaminants and pathogens control in water are the center of R&D activities. Development of new, rapid and sensitive detection methods for measuring emerging organic and pathogenic contaminants in various water matrices are also the R&D foci at CWR.